WebThe paracellular transport only allows the passage of small hydrophilic molecules, whereas the transcellular route permits the way for low-molecular-weight lipophilic substances. In such condition, owing to larger size, solubility, and polarity, most of the hydrophilic drugs, proteins, and peptides get stuck in the nasal cavity. WebOral drug delivery is the most desirable route for drug administration whenever systemic effects are intended (Pires et al., 2009). Oral drug delivery methods fail to deliver a number of therapeutic agents to the brain efficiently due to the several drawbacks such as slow onset of action, low bioavailability (40–45%), nausea and incomplete ...
Frontiers Editorial: Intranasal Drug Delivery: Challenges and ...
WebAug 4, 2014 · The olfactory filaments penetrate the nasal mucosa of the upper part of the nose and substances may be transported inside the nerve axon (intracellular). Transport across the mucosa also occurs between the cells (paracellular) or … WebDec 10, 2024 · Drug delivery from the nose to the brain/CNS takes very less time through both olfactory and trigeminal nerves. Intranasal delivery does not require the involvement … franck ruffier
Penetration Enhancing Agent - an overview ScienceDirect Topics
WebThe delivery of drugs to CNS has been constrained due to the presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB). The intranasal route involving several pathways (viz., olfactory, trigeminal, and rostral migratory stream-based pathway) has emerged as potential route to bypass the BBB and transport drug directly to the brain. WebParacellular permeation-enhancing effect of AT1002 C-terminal amidation in nasal delivery Keon-Hyoung Song,1 Sang-Bum Kim,2 Chang-Koo Shim,2 Suk-Jae Chung,2 Dae-Duk Kim,2 Sang-Ki Rhee,1 Guang J Choi,1 Chul-Hyun Kim,3 Kiyoung Kim4 1Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea; … A CCK-8 (Dojindo Laboratories, Kumamoto, Japan) was used to determine the effects of hypergravity on cell proliferation. Following completion of the 2 hour hypergravity stimulation protocol, the culture medium on the basolateral side was removed and 100 μL of CCK-8 solution were added to the apical side. After a … See more The RPMI 2650 cells were obtained from the Korean Cell Line Bank (KCLB; Seoul, Korea). They were routinely cultured in T75 flasks at 37 °C with 5% CO2. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s … See more Cell culture plate holder (HM-2, Hanil, Seoul, Korea) was installed in a conventional centrifuge (Fleta 5, Hanil). This centrifuge was used to apply a hypergravity condition of 10 × g. The RPMI 2650 cells were … See more NaFI (MW 376 Da; Sigma), FD-4 (average MW 4000 Da; Sigma), and fluorescein-labeled jacalin (MW 66 k Da; FL-1151, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA) were used as markers for paracellular permeation of small … See more A voltohmmeter (Millicell-ERS, EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) with an Endohm-24 chamber (WPI, Sarasota, FL, USA) was used to measure TEER across RPMI 2650 cell layers. … See more blank will forms